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Updated: commented the whole code

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Lian Drake 2023-12-07 19:33:25 -04:00
parent 6c88b3c89b
commit 2554dcac3e
3 changed files with 132 additions and 39 deletions
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serpent
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146
serpent.c
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@ -30,8 +30,11 @@
#include "serpent.h"
/* */
// Variable to track if snake is alive
bool is_alive = true;
/* Game variables */
bool is_alive = true; /* variable to track if snake is alive */
int SPEED = 100; /* speed of the game */
int MAX_SPEED = 60; /* max speed of the game */
/* */
/* Initialize structs */
snake_t *snake;
@ -56,6 +59,7 @@ void argVersion();
/* */
int main (int argc, char **argv) {
/* Command line parsing */
int option;
static const char* short_options = "chv";
@ -82,8 +86,9 @@ int main (int argc, char **argv) {
return 1;
}
}
/* */
// Initialize board
/* Initialize board */
board_t board = {
.border = BOARD_CHAR,
.boardHeight = SCREEN_HEIGHT,
@ -129,6 +134,7 @@ int main (int argc, char **argv) {
usleep(SPEED * 800L);
}
/* Game score */
int score = snakeSize();
/* Free memory allocated by snake */
@ -145,243 +151,327 @@ int main (int argc, char **argv) {
return 0;
}
void appendSnakeNode(snake_t * new_snake) {
void appendSnakeNode(snake_t *new_snake) {
/* Allocate memory for a new snake node */
snake_node *node_ptr = malloc(sizeof(snake_node));
/* Set the previous pointer of the new node to the current tail of the snake */
node_ptr->prev = new_snake->tail;
/* The new node is the last in the linked list, so its next pointer is NULL */
node_ptr->next = NULL;
/* Connect the current tail's next pointer to the new node */
new_snake->tail->next = node_ptr;
/* Update the snake's tail to point to the new node, making it the new tail */
new_snake->tail = node_ptr;
}
snake_t *startSnake(board_t *board) {
/* Allocate memory for a new snake */
snake_t *new_snake = malloc(sizeof(snake_t));
/* Allocate memory for the head of the snake */
snake_node *head = malloc(sizeof(snake_node));
/* Initialize the snake's head and tail to the allocated head node */
new_snake->head = head;
new_snake->tail = head;
/* Set the head's previous and next pointers to NULL, as it's the only node in the beginning */
head->prev = NULL;
head->next = NULL;
/* Set the initial position of the snake's head at the center of the board */
head->pX = board->boardWidth / 2;
head->pY = board->boardHeight / 2;
/* Initialize a node pointer to the head for iterating through the snake's body */
snake_node *node = head;
/* Create additional nodes to form the initial snake body */
for (int i = 1; i < START_SNAKE_SIZE; i++) {
/* Add a new node to the snake, updating the node pointer */
appendSnakeNode(new_snake);
node = node->next;
/* Copy the position of the previous node to maintain a straight line */
node->pX = node->prev->pX;
node->pY = node->prev->pY + 1;
}
/* Set the initial direction of the snake to move upward */
new_snake->dX = 0;
new_snake->dY = -1;
/* Return the initialized snake */
return new_snake;
}
void freeSnake() {
/* Initialize pointers to traverse the snake linked list */
snake_node *snake_current = snake->head;
snake_node *snake_next = snake->head->next;
/* Traverse the snake linked list and free each node */
while (snake_next != NULL) {
/* Free the current node */
free(snake_current);
/* Move to the next node */
snake_current = snake_next;
snake_next = snake_next->next;
}
/* Free the last node */
free(snake_current);
/* Free the snake structure itself */
free(snake);
/* Set the global snake pointer to NULL to avoid dangling references */
snake = NULL;
}
bool snakeOccupies(int x, int y, bool excludeHead) {
/* Initialize a pointer to traverse the snake linked list */
snake_node *snake_ptr;
/* Determine the starting point in the linked list based on whether the head should be excluded */
if (excludeHead) {
snake_ptr = snake->head;
} else {
snake_ptr = snake->head->next;
}
/* Traverse the snake linked list */
while (snake_ptr != NULL) {
/* Check if the current node's position matches the specified coordinates */
if (snake_ptr->pX == x && snake_ptr->pY == y) {
/* The snake occupies the specified position */
return true;
}
/* Move to the next node */
snake_ptr = snake_ptr->next;
}
/* The snake does not occupy the specified position */
return false;
}
int snakeSize() {
/* Initialize a pointer to traverse the snake linked list */
snake_node *snake_ptr = snake->head;
/* Initialize a counter to keep track of the number of nodes in the snake linked list */
int counter = 0;
/* Traverse the snake linked list and count each node */
while (snake_ptr != NULL) {
counter++;
/* Move to the next node */
snake_ptr = snake_ptr->next;
}
/* Return the total size of the snake, which is the number of nodes in the linked list */
return counter;
}
apple_t *startApple(board_t *board) {
/* Allocate memory for a new apple */
apple_t *new_apple = malloc(sizeof(apple_t));
/* Seed the random number generator with the current time */
srand(time(NULL));
/* Generate random coordinates for the new apple, ensuring it does not overlap with the snake */
do {
new_apple->pX = (random() % (board->boardWidth - 2)) + 1;
new_apple->pY = (random() % (board->boardHeight - 2)) + 1;
} while (snakeOccupies(new_apple->pX, new_apple->pY, false));
/* Return the initialized apple */
return new_apple;
}
void moveApple(board_t *board) {
/* Variables to store the new coordinates for the apple */
int new_x, new_y;
/* Generate new random coordinates for the apple, ensuring it does not overlap with the snake */
do {
new_x = (random() % (board->boardWidth - 2)) + 1;
new_y = (random() % (board->boardHeight - 2)) + 1;
} while (snakeOccupies(new_x, new_y, true));
/* Update the position of the existing apple to the new coordinates */
apple->pX = new_x;
apple->pY = new_y;
}
bool appleOccupies(int x, int y) {
/* Check if the specified coordinates match the position of the apple */
if (apple->pX == x && apple->pY == y) {
/* The apple occupies the specified position */
return true;
}
/* The apple does not occupy the specified position */
return false;
}
void handleInput(int key) {
switch(key) {
/* Handle different key inputs to change the snake's direction */
switch (key) {
case KEY_UP:
/* If the snake is not currently moving down, change its direction to up */
if (snake->dY == 0) {
snake->dY = -1;
snake->dX = 0;
}
}
break;
case KEY_DOWN:
/* If the snake is not currently moving up, change its direction to down */
if (snake->dY == 0) {
snake->dY = 1;
snake->dX = 0;
}
break;
case KEY_RIGHT:
/* If the snake is not currently moving left, change its direction to right */
if (snake->dX == 0) {
snake->dX = 1;
snake->dY = 0;
}
break;
case KEY_LEFT:
/* If the snake is not currently moving right, change its direction to left */
if (snake->dX == 0) {
snake->dX = -1;
snake->dY = 0;
}
break;
default:
/* Do nothing for other keys */
refresh();
break;
}
}
void moveSnake(board_t *board) {
/* Check if the snake is moving (either horizontally or vertically) */
if ((ABS(snake->dX) > 0) || (ABS(snake->dY) > 0)) {
/* Calculate the new coordinates for the head and tail of the snake */
int new_head_x = snake->head->pX + snake->dX;
int new_head_y = snake->head->pY + snake->dY;
int new_tail_x = snake->tail->pX + snake->dX;
int new_tail_y = snake->tail->pY + snake->dY;
/* Check if the new head position does not overlap with an apple */
if (!appleOccupies(new_head_x, new_head_y)) {
// Move the tail to the new position
/* Move the tail to the new head position */
snake->tail->pX = new_head_x;
snake->tail->pY = new_head_y;
// Update the links in the snake
/* Adjust the linked list to maintain the snake's continuity */
snake->tail->next = snake->head;
snake->head->prev = snake->tail;
snake->tail = snake->tail->prev;
snake->tail->next = NULL;
snake->head->prev->prev = NULL;
snake->head = snake->head->prev;
} else {
// The snake eats the apple
/* If the head overlaps with an apple (the snake ate an apple), move the apple to a new position */
moveApple(board);
// Create a new head node
/* Increase the speed if it hasn't reached the maximum */
if (SPEED <= MAX_SPEED) {
SPEED -= 1;
}
/* Create a new head node and update its position */
snake_node *new_head = malloc(sizeof(snake_node));
new_head->pX = new_head_x;
new_head->pY = new_head_y;
new_head->prev = NULL;
new_head->next = snake->head;
// Update the links in the snake
/* Update the linked list to include the new head */
snake->head->prev = new_head;
snake->head = new_head;
// Append a new node to the snake's tail
/* Add a new node to the snake's body */
appendSnakeNode(snake);
/* Set the position for the tail node */
snake->tail->pX = new_tail_x;
snake->tail->pY = new_tail_y;
}
// Check for collisions and update the snake
/* Check for collision with the game borders or itself */
if (snakeOccupies(new_head_x, new_head_y, false) ||
(new_head_x == 0) || (new_head_x == board->boardWidth - 1) ||
(new_head_y == 0) || (new_head_y == board->boardHeight - 1)) {
/* If there is a collision, set the snake as not alive */
is_alive = false;
}
}
}
void draw(board_t *board) {
/* Clear the terminal screen */
erase();
int i, j;
for (i = 0; i < board->boardHeight; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < board->boardWidth; j++) {
/* Draw the borders of the game board */
for (int i = 0; i < board->boardHeight; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < board->boardWidth; j++) {
if (i == 0 || i == board->boardHeight - 1) {
/* Draw the top and bottom borders */
mvprintw(i, j, "%c", board->border);
} else if (j == 0 || j == board->boardWidth - 1) {
/* Draw the left and right borders */
mvprintw(i, j, "%c", board->border);
}
}
}
/* Draw the snake on the game board */
snake_node *snake_ptr = snake->head;
if (snake->dX == -1) {
/* Draw the snake head facing left */
mvaddch(snake_ptr->pY, snake_ptr->pX, SNAKE_HEAD_L);
} else if (snake->dX == 1) {
/* Draw the snake head facing right */
mvaddch(snake_ptr->pY, snake_ptr->pX, SNAKE_HEAD_R);
} else if (snake->dY == -1) {
/* Draw the snake head facing up */
mvaddch(snake_ptr->pY, snake_ptr->pX, SNAKE_HEAD_U);
} else if (snake->dY == 1) {
/* Draw the snake head facing down */
mvaddch(snake_ptr->pY, snake_ptr->pX, SNAKE_HEAD_D);
}
/* Move to the next node */
snake_ptr = snake_ptr->next;
/* Draw the snake body */
while(snake_ptr != NULL) {
mvaddch(snake_ptr->pY, snake_ptr->pX, SNAKE_BODY);
/* Move to the next node */
snake_ptr = snake_ptr->next;
}
/* Draw the apple on the game board */
mvaddch(apple->pY, apple->pX, FOOD);
/* Display the game score */
mvprintw(board->boardHeight + 3, 0, "Score: %d", snakeSize() - START_SNAKE_SIZE);
}
// Function for displaying the game controls in the command line
/* Function for displaying the game controls in the command line */
void argControls() {
printf("%s controls.\n", NAME);
printf("Movement:\n");
@ -395,7 +485,7 @@ void argControls() {
printf("\tr: restart\n");
}
// Function to display the help message in the command line
/* Function to display the help message in the command line */
void argHelp() {
printf("Usage: %s [OPTIONS]\n", NAME);
printf("Play the all time classic snake game in the console.\n\n");
@ -405,7 +495,7 @@ void argHelp() {
printf("\t-v, --version Display version and exit.\n");
}
// Function to display the version in the command line
/* Function to display the version in the command line */
void argVersion() {
printf("%s. version: %.1lf\n", NAME, VERSION);
printf("Author: Darius Drake\n");

25
serpent.h
View file

@ -10,8 +10,8 @@
#define ABS(x) (x) < 0 ? -(x) : (x)
/* */
/* global variables/constants */
#define START_SNAKE_SIZE 2 /* snake's initial size */
/* Global variables/constants */
#define START_SNAKE_SIZE 5 /* snake's initial size */
#define SNAKE_BODY '*' /* snake's body */
#define SNAKE_HEAD_U 'v' /* head when going up */
#define SNAKE_HEAD_D '^' /* head when going down */
@ -21,27 +21,30 @@
#define BOARD_CHAR '#' /* character at corners of border */
#define SCREEN_WIDTH 40 /* the virtual screen width */
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 30 /* the virtual screen height */
#define SPEED 100 /* speed of the game */
/* */
/* Board structure */
typedef struct board_t {
char border;
unsigned int boardHeight;
unsigned int boardWidth;
char border; /* will use BOARD_CHAR */
unsigned int boardHeight; /* will use SCREEN_HEIGHT */
unsigned int boardWidth; /* will use SCREEN_WIDTH */
} board_t;
/* Snake node structure (for dobly linked list) */
typedef struct snake_node {
int pX, pY;
struct snake_node *next, *prev;
int pX, pY; /* represents the node's position on the board */
struct snake_node *next, *prev; /* pointers to the next and previous nodes */
} snake_node;
/* Snake structure (dobly linked list) */
typedef struct snake_t {
int dX, dY;
snake_node *head, *tail;
int dX, dY; /* represents the snake's direction */
snake_node *head, *tail; /* snake's nodes, dobly linked list */
} snake_t;
/* Apple structure */
typedef struct apple_t {
int pX, pY;
int pX, pY; /* represents the apple's position on the board */
} apple_t;
#endif //SERPENT_H